changeset 14:2dd38b423eae draft

Uploaded
author jeremie
date Fri, 27 Jun 2014 08:42:21 -0400
parents 479fcf0cba10
children 743d75da4658
files bam2cfg.pl
diffstat 1 files changed, 769 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-) [+]
line wrap: on
line diff
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/bam2cfg.pl	Fri Jun 27 08:42:21 2014 -0400
@@ -0,0 +1,769 @@
+#!/opt/local/bin/perl
+#Create a BreakDancer configuration file from a set of bam files
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Getopt::Std;
+use Statistics::Descriptive;
+use GD::Graph::histogram;
+use FindBin qw($Bin);
+use lib "$FindBin::Bin";
+#use lib '/gscuser/kchen/1000genomes/analysis/scripts/';
+use AlnParser;
+
+my %opts = (q=>35, n=>10000, v=>1, c=>4, b=>50, s=>50);
+getopts('q:n:c:b:p:hmf:gCv:', \%opts);
+die("
+Usage:   bam2cfg.pl <bam files>
+Options:
+         -q INT    Minimum mapping quality [$opts{q}]
+         -m        Using mapping quality instead of alternative mapping quality
+         -s        Minimal mean insert size [$opts{s}]
+         -C        Change default system from Illumina to SOLiD
+         -c FLOAT  Cutoff in unit of standard deviation [$opts{c}]
+         -n INT    Number of observation required to estimate mean and s.d. insert size [$opts{n}]
+         -v FLOAT  Cutoff on coefficients of variation [$opts{v}]
+         -f STRING A two column tab-delimited text file (RG, LIB) specify the RG=>LIB mapping, useful when BAM header is incomplete
+	 -b INT	   Number of bins in the histogram [$opts{b}] 
+         -g        Output mapping flag distribution
+         -h        Plot insert size histogram for each BAM library
+\n
+") unless (@ARGV);
+
+my $AP=new AlnParser(platform=>$opts{C});
+
+my %cRGlib; my %clibs;
+if($opts{f}){
+  open(RGLIB,"<$opts{f}") || die "unable to open $opts{f}\n";
+  while(<RGLIB>){
+    chomp;
+    my ($rg,$lib)=split;
+    $clibs{$lib}=1;
+    $cRGlib{$rg}=$lib;
+  }
+}
+
+foreach my $fbam(@ARGV){
+  my %RGlib;
+  my %RGplatform;
+  my %libs;
+  my %insert_stat;
+  my %readlen_stat;
+  my %libpos;
+  my %flagHgram;
+  my $recordcounter=0;
+  my $expected_max;
+  if(defined $opts{f}){
+    %RGlib=%cRGlib;
+    %libs=%clibs;
+  }
+  my $ppos=0;
+  open(BAM,"samtools view -h $fbam |") || die "unable to open $fbam\n";
+  while(<BAM>){
+    chomp;
+    if(/^\@RG/){  #getting RG=>LIB mapping from the bam header
+      my ($id)=($_=~/ID\:(\S+)/);
+      my ($lib)=($_=~/LB\:(\S+)/);
+      my ($platform)=($_=~/PL\:(\S+)/);
+      my ($sample)=($_=~/SM\:(\S+)/);
+      my ($insertsize)=($_=~/PI\:(\d+)/);
+      #if(defined $insertsize && $insertsize>0){
+	#$lib=$sample . '_'. $lib;
+	$libs{$lib}=1;
+	$RGlib{$id}=$lib;
+        $RGplatform{$id}=$platform;
+      #}
+    }
+    else{
+      next if(/^\@/);
+      my @libas=keys %libs;
+      my @selected_libs=keys %insert_stat;
+      if($#libas<0){ 
+	if($#selected_libs>=0){
+	  last;
+	}
+	else{
+	  $libs{'NA'}=1;
+	  $RGlib{'NA'}='NA';
+	  $RGplatform{'NA'}=($opts{C})?'solid':'illumina';
+	}
+      }
+      if(!defined $expected_max || $expected_max<=0){
+	$expected_max=3*($#libas+1)*$opts{n};
+      }
+      last if($recordcounter>$expected_max);
+
+      my $t=$AP->in($_,'sam',\%RGplatform,$opts{m});
+      #die "Please sort bam by position\n" if($t->{pos}<$ppos);
+      next if($t->{pos}<$ppos);
+      $ppos=$t->{pos};
+      my $lib;
+      if(defined $t->{readgroup}){
+	if(defined $RGlib{$t->{readgroup}}){
+	  $lib=$RGlib{$t->{readgroup}};
+	}
+	else{
+	  $lib=$t->{readgroup};
+          $libs{$t->{readgroup}}=1;
+	  $RGlib{$t->{readgroup}}=$t->{readgroup};
+        }
+      }
+      else{
+	$lib='NA';
+      }
+      #my $lib=($t->{readgroup})?$RGlib{$t->{readgroup}}:'NA';  #when multiple libraries are in a BAM file
+      next unless(defined $lib && $libs{$lib});
+      $readlen_stat{$lib}=Statistics::Descriptive::Full->new() if(!defined $readlen_stat{$lib});
+      $readlen_stat{$lib}->add_data($t->{readlen});
+      next if ($t->{qual}<=$opts{q});  #skip low quality mapped reads
+      $recordcounter++;
+      $libpos{$lib}++;
+      if(defined $t->{readgroup}){
+	$flagHgram{$t->{readgroup}}{$t->{flag}}++;
+	$flagHgram{$t->{readgroup}}{all}++;
+      }
+
+      my $nreads=(defined $insert_stat{$lib})?$insert_stat{$lib}->count():1;
+      if($nreads/$libpos{$lib}<1e-4){  #single-end lane
+	delete $libs{$lib};
+	delete $insert_stat{$lib};
+      }
+      next unless(($t->{flag}==18 || $t->{flag}==20) && $t->{dist}>=0);
+
+      $insert_stat{$lib}=Statistics::Descriptive::Full->new() if(!defined $insert_stat{$lib});
+      $insert_stat{$lib}->add_data($t->{dist});
+      if($insert_stat{$lib}->count()>$opts{n}){
+	delete $libs{$lib};
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  close(BAM);
+
+  my %stdms;
+  my %stdps;
+
+  foreach my $lib(keys %insert_stat){
+    my $readlen=$readlen_stat{$lib}->mean();
+    my @isize=$insert_stat{$lib}->get_data();
+    my $mean=$insert_stat{$lib}->mean();
+    my $std=$insert_stat{$lib}->standard_deviation();
+
+    delete $insert_stat{$lib};
+    my $insertsize=Statistics::Descriptive::Full->new();
+    foreach my $x(@isize){
+      next if($x>$mean+5*$std);
+      $insertsize->add_data($x);
+    }
+
+    $mean=$insertsize->mean();
+    $std=$insertsize->standard_deviation();
+    next if($mean<$opts{s});
+    my $cv=$std/$mean;
+    if($cv>=$opts{v}){
+      print STDERR "Coefficient of variation $cv in library $lib is larger than the cutoff $opts{v}, poor quality data, excluding from further analysis.\n";
+      next;
+    }
+
+    my $num=$insertsize->count();
+    next if($num<100);
+
+    my ($stdm,$stdp)=(0,0);
+    my ($nstdm,$nstdp)=(0,0);
+    foreach my $x($insertsize->get_data()){
+      if($x>$mean){
+	$stdp+=($x-$mean)**2;
+	$nstdp++;
+      }
+      else{
+	$stdm+=($x-$mean)**2;
+	$nstdm++;
+      }
+    }
+    $stdm=sqrt($stdm/($nstdm-1));
+    $stdp=sqrt($stdp/($nstdp-1));
+
+    $stdms{$lib}=$stdm;
+    $stdps{$lib}=$stdp;
+    $insert_stat{$lib}=$insertsize;
+  }
+
+  foreach my $rg(keys %RGlib){
+    my $lib=$RGlib{$rg};
+    my $platform=$RGplatform{$rg} || 'illumina';  #default illumina
+    next unless($insert_stat{$lib});
+    my $readlen=$readlen_stat{$lib}->mean();
+    my $mean=$insert_stat{$lib}->mean();
+    my $std=$insert_stat{$lib}->standard_deviation();
+    my $num=$insert_stat{$lib}->count();
+
+    my $upper=$mean+$opts{c}*$stdps{$lib} if(defined $opts{c});
+    my $lower=$mean-$opts{c}*$stdms{$lib} if(defined $opts{c});
+    $lower=0 if(defined $lower && $lower<0);
+
+    printf "readgroup\:%s\tplatform:%s\tmap\:%s\treadlen\:%.2f\tlib\:%s\tnum:%d",$rg,$platform,$fbam,$readlen,$lib,$num;
+    printf "\tlower\:%.2f\tupper\:%.2f",$lower,$upper if(defined $upper && defined $lower);
+    printf "\tmean\:%.2f\tstd\:%.2f",$mean,$std;
+
+
+    # compute the normality
+    my @data=$insert_stat{$lib}->get_data();
+    my $n_data = @data;
+    @data = sort {$a <=> $b} @data;
+    my $n_data_ = @data;
+    my $p_value = ShapiroWilk(\@data);
+    if($p_value>0) {
+      my $log_p_value = log($p_value)/log(10);
+      printf "\tSWnormality\:%.2f",$log_p_value;
+    }
+    elsif($p_value == -1) { 
+      printf "\tSWnormality\:data not qualified -1"; 
+    } 
+    elsif($p_value == -2.1){
+      printf "\tSWnormality\:data not qualified -2.1";
+    }
+    elsif($p_value == -2.2){
+      printf "\tSWnormality\:data not qualified -2.2";
+    }
+    elsif($p_value == -2.3){
+      printf "\tSWnormality\:data not qualified -2.3";
+    }
+    elsif($p_value == 0) { 
+      printf "\tSWnormality\:minus infinity";
+    }
+
+
+
+    if($opts{g}){
+      printf "\tflag:";
+      foreach my $f(sort keys %{$flagHgram{$rg}}){
+	next if($f eq 'all');
+	printf "%d(%.2f%%)",$f,($flagHgram{$rg}{$f} || 0)*100/$flagHgram{$rg}{all};
+      }
+      printf "%d",$flagHgram{$rg}{all};
+    }
+    printf "\texe:samtools view\n";
+  }
+
+  if($opts{h}){  # plot insert size histogram for each library
+    foreach my $lib(keys %insert_stat){
+      my $graph = new GD::Graph::histogram(1000,600);
+      my $library="$fbam.$lib";
+      $graph->set(
+		  x_label         => 'Insert Size (bp)',
+		  y_label         => 'Count',
+		  title           => $library,
+		  x_labels_vertical => 1,
+		  bar_spacing     => 0,
+		  shadow_depth    => 1,
+		  shadowclr       => 'dred',
+		  transparent     => 0,
+		  histogram_bins   => $opts{b},
+		 ) or warn $graph->error;
+      my @data=$insert_stat{$lib}->get_data();
+      my $gd = $graph->plot(\@data) or die $graph->error;
+
+      $library=~s/.*\///g;
+      my $imagefile="$library.insertsize_histogram.png";
+      open(IMG, ">$imagefile") or die $!;
+      binmode IMG;
+      print IMG $gd->png;
+
+      my $datafile="$library.insertsize_histogram";
+      open(OUT,">$datafile");
+      foreach my $x(@data){
+	print OUT "$x\n";
+      }
+      close(OUT);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+###################################################### Shapiro Wilk Normality test (including functions ppnd, alnorm, poly, min, sign and asin) #########################################################
+sub ShapiroWilk {
+
+# read input
+my ($x) = @_;
+
+my $n=@$x;
+my $w = 0;
+my $ifault = 2;
+my $init = 0;
+my $n2 = $n/2;
+my @a;
+my $n1 = $n;
+
+my $upper = 1;
+my @c1 = (0.0, 0.221157, -0.147981, -2.07119, 4.434685, -2.706056);
+my @c2 = (0.0, 0.042981, -0.293762, -1.752461, 5.682633, -3.582633);
+my @c3 = (0.5440, -0.39978, 0.025054, -0.6714*(10**(-3)));
+my @c4 = (1.3822, -0.77857, 0.062767, -0.0020322);
+my @c5 = (-1.5861, -0.31082, -0.083751, 0.0038915);
+my @c6 = (-0.4803, -0.082676, 0.0030302);
+my @c7 = (0.164, 0.533);
+my @c8 = (0.1736, 0.315);
+my @c9 = (0.256, -0.00635);
+my @g  = (-2.273, 0.459);
+my $z90 = 1.2816;
+my $z95 = 1.6449;
+my $z99 = 2.3263;
+my $zm = 1.7509;
+my $zss = 0.56268;
+my $bf1 = 0.8378; 
+my $xx90 = 0.556;
+my $xx95 = 0.622;
+my $zero = 0.0;
+my $one = 1.0;
+my $two = 2.0;
+my $three = 3.0;
+my $sqrth = 0.70711;
+my $qtr = 0.25;
+my $th = 0.375;
+my $small = 1*(10**(-19));
+my $pi6 = 1.909859;
+my $stqr = 1.047198;
+
+my $summ2;
+my $ssumm2;
+my $fac;
+my $rsn;
+my $an;
+my $an25;
+my $a1;
+my $a2;
+my $delta;
+my $range;
+my $sa;
+my $sx;
+my $ssx;
+my $ssa;
+my $sax;
+my $asa;
+my $xsx;
+my $ssassx;
+my $w1;
+my $y;
+my $xx;
+my $xi;
+my $gamma;
+my $m;
+my $s;
+my $ld;
+my $bf;
+my $z90f;
+my $z95f;
+my $z99f;
+my $zfm;
+my $zsd;
+my $zbar;
+my $ncens;
+my $nn2;
+my $i;
+my $i1;
+my $j;
+
+my $pw  =  $one;
+if($w >= $zero) {$w = $one;}
+$an = $n;
+$ifault = 3;
+$nn2 = $n/2;
+if($n2 < $nn2) {return (-1);}
+$ifault = 1;
+if($n < 3) {return (-1);}
+
+# If INIT is false, calculates coefficients for the test
+
+if(!$init){
+  if($n == 3) {
+    $a[1-1] = $sqrth;}	
+  else {
+    $an25 = $an + $qtr;
+    $summ2 = $zero;
+    for(my $i = 1; $i <= $n2; $i++){
+      ($a[$i-1], $ifault) = ppnd(($i - $th)/$an25);
+      my $a_val = $a[$i-1];
+      $summ2 = $summ2 + $a[$i-1] ** 2;
+    }
+    $summ2 = $summ2 * $two;
+    $ssumm2 = $summ2 ** 0.5;
+    $rsn = $one / ($an ** 0.5);
+    my $poly_result = poly_(\@c1, 6, $rsn);
+    $a1 = $poly_result - $a[1-1] / $ssumm2;
+    
+# Normalize coefficients
+    
+    if($n > 5) {
+      $i1 = 3;
+      $a2 = -$a[2-1]/$ssumm2 + poly_(\@c2, 6, $rsn);
+      my $a_val1_new = $a[1-1];
+      my $a_val2_new = $a[2-1];
+      my $temp1 = $summ2 - $two * $a[1-1] ** 2 - $two * $a[2-1] ** 2;
+      my $temp2 = $one - $two * $a1 ** 2 - $two * $a2 ** 2;
+      $fac = (($summ2 - $two * $a[1-1] ** 2 - $two * $a[2-1] ** 2)/($one - $two * $a1 ** 2 - $two * $a2 ** 2)) ** 0.5;
+      $a[1-1] = $a1;
+      $a[2-1] = $a2;
+    }
+    else {
+      $i1 = 2;
+      $fac = (($summ2 - $two * $a[1-1] ** 2)/ ($one - $two * $a1 ** 2)) ** 0.5;
+      $a[1-1] = $a1;
+    }
+    for($i = $i1; $i <= $nn2; $i++){
+      $a[$i-1] = -$a[$i-1]/$fac;
+      my $a_val = $a[$i-1];
+    }
+    for($i = 1; $i <= $nn2; $i++){
+      my $a_value = $a[$i-1];
+    }
+  }
+  $init = 1;
+}
+if($n1 < 3) {return (-1);}
+$ncens = $n - $n1;
+$ifault = 4;
+if($ncens < 0 || ($ncens > 0 && $n < 20)) {return (-1);}
+$ifault = 5;
+$delta = $ncens/$an;
+if($delta > 0.8) {return (-2.1);}
+
+# If W input as negative, calculate significance level of -W
+
+if($w < $zero) {
+  $w1 = $one + $w;
+  $ifault = 0;
+}
+else{
+# Check for zero range
+  $ifault = 6;
+  $range = @$x[$n1-1] - @$x[1-1];
+  if($range < $small) {return (-2.2);}
+
+# Check for correct sort order on range - scaled X
+
+  $ifault = 7;
+  $xx = @$x[1-1]/$range;
+  $sx = $xx;
+  $sa = -$a[1-1];
+  $j = $n - 1;
+  for($i = 2; $i <= $n1; $i++){
+    $xi = @$x[$i-1]/$range;
+    if($xx-$xi > $small){
+      return (-2.3);
+    }
+    $sx = $sx + $xi;    
+    if($i != $j) {
+      my $sign_value = sign($i - $j);
+      my $min_value = $a[min($i, $j)-1];
+      my $min_ = min($i, $j);
+      $sa = $sa + sign($i - $j) * $a[min($i, $j)-1];
+    } 
+    $xx = $xi;
+    $j = $j - 1;
+  }
+  $ifault = 0;
+  if($n > 5000) {$ifault = 2};
+
+# Calculate W statistic as squared correlation between data and coefficients
+  $sa = $sa/$n1;
+  $sx = $sx/$n1;
+  $ssa = $zero;
+  $ssx = $zero;
+  $sax = $zero;
+  $j = $n;
+  for($i = 1; $i <= $n1; $i ++){
+    if($i != $j) {
+      my $sign_result = sign($i - $j);
+      my $min_result = min($i, $j);
+      $asa = sign($i - $j) * $a[min($i, $j)-1] - $sa;
+    } 
+    else {
+      $asa = -$sa;
+    }
+    $xsx = @$x[$i-1]/$range - $sx;
+    $ssa = $ssa + $asa * $asa;
+    $ssx = $ssx + $xsx * $xsx;
+    $sax = $sax + $asa * $xsx;
+    $j = $j - 1;
+  }
+
+# W1 equals (1-W) claculated to avoid excessive rounding error for W very near 1 (a potential problem in very large samples)
+  $ssassx = ($ssa * $ssx) ** 0.5;
+  $w1 = ($ssassx - $sax) * ($ssassx + $sax)/($ssa * $ssx);
+}
+
+$w = $one - $w1;
+
+# Calculate significance level for W (exact for N=3)
+
+if($n == 3){
+  $pw = $pi6 * (asin($w**0.5) - $stqr); 
+  return ($pw);
+}
+$y = log($w1);
+$xx = log($an);
+$m = $zero;
+$s = $one;
+if($n <= 11){
+  $gamma = poly_(\@g, 2, $an); 
+  if($y >= $gamma){
+    $pw = $small;
+    return ($pw);
+  }
+  $y = -log($gamma - $y);
+  $m = poly_(\@c3, 4, $an);
+  $s = exp(poly_(\@c4, 4, $an))
+}
+else{
+  $m = poly_(\@c5, 4, $xx);
+  $s = exp(poly_(\@c6, 3, $xx));
+}
+if($ncens > 0){
+  
+# Censoring by proportion NCENS/N.  Calculate mean and sd of normal equivalent deviate of W.
+  
+  $ld = -log($delta);
+  $bf = $one + $xx * $bf1;
+  $z90f = $z90 + $bf * poly_(\@c7, 2, $xx90 ** $xx) ** $ld;
+  $z95f = $z95 + $bf * poly_(\@c8, 2, $xx95 ** $xx) ** $ld;
+  $z99f = $z99 + $bf * poly_(\@c9, 2, $xx) ** $ld;
+  
+# Regress Z90F,...,Z99F on normal deviates Z90,...,Z99 to get pseudo-mean and pseudo-sd of z as the slope and intercept
+  
+  $zfm = ($z90f + $z95f + $z99f)/$three;
+  $zsd = ($z90*($z90f-$zfm)+$z95*($z95f-$zfm)+$z99*($z99f-$zfm))/$zss;
+  $zbar = $zfm - $zsd * $zm;
+  $m = $m + $zbar * $s;
+  $s = $s * $zsd;
+}
+$pw = alnorm(($y - $m)/$s, $upper);
+return ($pw);
+
+}
+
+############################################### ppnd function############################################################
+sub ppnd {
+
+# read input
+my ($p) = @_;
+
+# define output
+my $ifault;
+my $normal_dev;
+
+# Local variables
+
+my $zero = 0.0;
+my $one = 1.0;
+my $half = 0.5;
+my $split1 = 0.425;
+my $split2 = 5.0;
+my $const1 = 0.180625;
+my $const2 = 1.6;
+my $q;
+my $r;
+
+# Coefficients for P close to 0.5
+
+my $a0 = 3.3871327179;
+my $a1 = 5.0434271938*10;
+my $a2 = 1.5929113202*10**2;
+my $a3 = 5.9109374720*10;
+my $b1 = 1.7895169469*10;
+my $b2 = 7.8757757664*10;
+my $b3 = 6.7187563600*10;
+# HASH SUM AB          32.3184577772
+
+# Coefficients for P not close to 0, 0.5 or 1.
+
+my $c0 = 1.4234372777;
+my $c1 = 2.7568153900;
+my $c2 = 1.3067284816;
+my $c3 = 1.7023821103*(10**(-1));
+my $d1 = 7.3700164250*(10**(-1));
+my $d2 = 1.2021132975*(10**(-1));
+# HASH SUM CD          15.7614929821
+
+# Coefficients for P near 0 or 1.
+
+my $e0 = 6.6579051150;
+my $e1 = 3.0812263860;
+my $e2 = 4.2868294337*(10**(-1));
+my $e3 = 1.7337203997*(10**(-2));
+my $f1 = 2.4197894225*(10**(-1));
+my $f2 = 1.2258202635*(10**(-2));
+# HASH SUM EF          19.4052910204
+
+$ifault = 0;
+$q = $p - $half;
+if(abs($q) <= $split1) { 
+  $r = $const1 - $q * $q;
+  $normal_dev = $q * ((($a3 * $r + $a2) * $r + $a1) * $r + $a0) / ((($b3 * $r + $b2) * $r + $b1) * $r + $one);
+}
+else{
+  if($q < $zero) {
+    $r = $p;}
+  else {
+    $r = $one - $p;
+  }
+  if($r <= $zero) {
+    $ifault = 1;
+    $normal_dev = $zero;
+    return ($normal_dev, $ifault);
+  }
+  $r = (-log($r))**0.5;
+  if($r <= $split2) {
+    $r = $r - $const2;
+    $normal_dev = ((($c3 * $r + $c2) * $r + $c1) * $r + $c0) / (($d2 * $r + $d1) * $r + $one);
+  }
+  else{
+    $r = $r - $split2;
+    $normal_dev = ((($e3 * $r + $e2) * $r + $e1) * $r + $e0) / (($f2 * $r + $f1) * $r + $one);
+  }
+  if($q < $zero) {$normal_dev = - $normal_dev;}
+  return ($normal_dev, $ifault);
+}
+}
+
+
+################################ alnorm function #####################################################################
+#FUNCTION alnorm(x, upper) RESULT(fn_val)
+
+#  Evaluates the tail area of the standardised normal curve from x to infinity if upper is .true. or
+#  from minus infinity to x if upper is .false.
+
+sub alnorm {
+
+# get the inputs
+my ($x, $upper) = @_;
+
+# define the output
+my $fn_val;
+
+my $zero = 0.0;
+my $one = 1.0;
+my $half = 0.5;
+my $con = 1.28;
+my $z;
+my $y;
+my $up;
+
+#!*** machine dependent constants
+my $ltone = 7.0;
+my $utzero = 18.66;
+
+my $p = 0.398942280444;
+my $q = 0.39990348504;
+my $r = 0.398942280385;
+my $a1 = 5.75885480458;
+my $a2 = 2.62433121679; 
+my $a3 = 5.92885724438;
+my $b1 = -29.8213557807; 
+my $b2 = 48.6959930692;
+my $c1 = -3.8052*(10**(-8)); 
+my $c2 = 3.98064794*(10**(-4));
+my $c3 = -0.151679116635; 
+my $c4 = 4.8385912808;
+my $c5 = 0.742380924027; 
+my $c6 = 3.99019417011;
+my $d1 = 1.00000615302; 
+my $d2 = 1.98615381364;
+my $d3 = 5.29330324926;
+my $d4 = -15.1508972451;
+my $d5 = 30.789933034;
+
+$up = $upper;
+$z = $x;
+if($z <  $zero){
+  if($up == 0){$up = 1;}
+  else {$up = 0;}
+  $z = -$z;
+}
+if($z <= $ltone || $up && $z <= $utzero){
+  $y = $half*$z*$z;
+  if($z > $con) {$fn_val = $r*exp(-$y)/($z+$c1+$d1/($z+$c2+$d2/($z+$c3+$d3/($z+$c4+$d4/($z+$c5+$d5/($z+$c6))))));}
+  else {$fn_val = $half - $z*($p - $q*$y/($y+$a1+$b1/($y+$a2+$b2/($y+$a3))));}
+}
+else{
+  $fn_val = $zero;
+}
+if(!$up) {$fn_val = $one - $fn_val};
+return $fn_val;
+}
+
+##################################### poly function #########################################################
+
+# FUNCTION poly(c, nord, x) RESULT(fn_val)
+
+# Calculates the algebraic polynomial of order nored-1 with array of coefficients c.  Zero order coefficient is c(1)
+
+sub poly_ {
+
+my ($c, $nord, $x) = @_;
+
+my $fn_val;
+
+my $i;
+my $j;
+my $n2;
+my $p;
+
+$fn_val = @$c[1-1];
+if($nord == 1) {return $fn_val;}
+$p = $x*@$c[$nord-1];
+if($nord == 2) {
+  $fn_val = $fn_val + $p; 
+}
+else {
+  $n2 = $nord - 2;
+  $j = $n2 + 1;
+  for($i = 1; $i <= $n2; $i++){
+    $p = ($p + @$c[$j-1])*$x;
+    $j = $j - 1;
+  }
+  $fn_val = $fn_val + $p;
+}
+
+return $fn_val;
+}
+
+###################################### min function ############################################
+
+# FUNCTION min(a,b) RESULT min of a, b
+
+sub min {
+
+my ($a, $b) = @_;
+
+if($a <= $b) { return $a; }
+else { return $b; }
+}
+
+###################################### sign function ############################################
+
+# FUNCTION sign(a,b) RESULT sign of a, b
+
+sub sign {
+
+my ($a) = @_;
+
+if($a >= 0) { return 1; }
+else { return -1; }
+}
+
+###################################### asin function ############################################
+
+# FUNCTION asin(a) RESULT arcsin of a
+
+sub asin {
+
+my ($a) = @_;
+if($a > 1 || $a < -1) { 
+  print "error: abs sin value > 1";
+  return 0; }
+else {
+  my $b = (1-$a**2)**0.5;
+  my $fn_val = atan2($a, (1-$a**2)**0.5);
+  my $fn_test = (1-$a**2)**0.5;
+  return $fn_val;
+}
+}
+